TY - GEN TI - Real-time frequency estimation of a qubit without single-shot-readout AU - Zohar, Inbar AU - Romach, Yoav AU - Arshad, Muhammad Junaid AU - Halay, Nir AU - Drucker, Niv AU - Stöhr, Rainer AU - Denisenko, Andrej AU - Cohen, Yonatan AU - Bonato, Cristian AU - Finkler, Amit AB - Quantum sensors can potentially achieve the Heisenberg limit of sensitivity over a large dynamic range using quantum algorithms. The adaptive phase estimation algorithm (PEA) is one example that was proven to achieve such high sensitivities with single-shot readout (SSR) sensors. However, using the adaptive PEA on a non-SSR sensor is not trivial due to the low contrast nature of the measurement. The standard approach to account for the averaged nature of the measurement in this PEA algorithm is to use a method based on `majority voting'. Although it is easy to implement, this method is more prone to mistakes due to noise in the measurement. To reduce these mistakes, a binomial distribution technique from a batch selection was recently shown theoretically to be superior, as all ranges of outcomes from an averaged measurement are considered. Here we apply, for the first time, real-time non-adaptive PEA on a non-SSR sensor with the binomial distribution approach. We compare the sensitivity of the binomial distribution method to the majority-voting approach using the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond at ambient conditions as a non-SSR sensor. Our results suggest that the binomial distribution approach achieves better sensitivity with shorter sensing times. To further enhance the sensitivity, we propose an adaptive algorithm that controls the readout phase and, therefore, the measurement basis set. We show by numerical simulation that adding the adaptive protocol can further improve the sensitivity in a future real-time experiment. DA - 2022/10/11/ PY - 2022 DO - 10.48550/arXiv.2210.05542 DP - arXiv.org PB - arXiv UR - http://arxiv.org/abs/2210.05542 Y2 - 2022/10/13/09:25:40 KW - Cristian Bonato KW - QPL KW - Quantum Physics ER -